The human brain is often called the most complex structure in the known universe—and it sits right inside our heads. It helps us think, speak, move, feel, dream, and remember.
Even when we're sleeping, our brain is hard at work. But how does it actually work? To understand it, we need to take a closer look at how it's built and how its different parts work together.
What is the brain made of?
Our brain is made up of soft tissue and contains billions of tiny cells called neurons. Neurons are like messengers—they send signals through electrical and chemical pulses. These messages travel at incredible speeds, allowing us to react, think, or speak in seconds.
Besides neurons, there are also glial cells—they support, protect, and feed the neurons, helping everything run smoothly. Together, they form a tightly connected network that keeps us functioning 24/7.
The brain's main parts
The brain has three main regions, each with its own special jobs:
• The cerebrum: This is the largest part and handles thinking, learning, memory, and movement. It's divided into two halves—left and right hemispheres. The left side often manages logic and language, while the right side is more about creativity and emotions.
• The cerebellum: Located at the back of the brain, this smaller part controls balance and coordination. Thanks to it, we can walk, run, and catch a ball smoothly.
• The brainstem: This connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls automatic functions like breathing, heart rate, and digestion—things we don't have to think about.
All of these parts work together as a team, making sure our body and mind stay in sync.
How do neurons send messages?
Neurons communicate with each other through connections called synapses. When one neuron wants to send a message to another, it releases chemicals called neurotransmitters. These chemicals cross the gap between neurons and pass along the signal. It happens so fast that we don't even notice it—but this tiny exchange is what lets us blink, smile, or answer a question in a flash. There are different types of neurotransmitters too. For example, dopamine helps with mood and motivation, while serotonin is linked to feelings of calm and happiness.
How we think and remember?
When we learn something new, our brain builds stronger connections between certain neurons. The more we practice or review, the stronger those connections become. That's why repetition helps us remember better. This process is called neuroplasticity, and it's how our brain keeps adapting, even as we age.
Thinking also involves memory. The brain stores short-term memories (like a phone number we just heard) and long-term memories (like our birthday). Different parts of the brain handle different kinds of memory, and they work together to help us recall information when we need it.
What keeps the brain healthy?
Just like our muscles, our brain needs care. To keep it sharp and strong, we can:
• Get enough sleep—this helps our brain process memories and recharge
• Eat healthy foods—especially those rich in omega-3 and antioxidants
• Exercise regularly—movement improves blood flow to the brain
• Stay curious—reading, puzzles, or learning something new helps grow brain connections
• Take breaks—rest is important for focus and mental energy
Our brain works hard for us, so it's only fair we give it what it needs to stay well.
Let's keep exploring our minds
Lykkers, isn't it amazing how much is happening in our heads every second? From making decisions to remembering old songs, our brain does it all without us even noticing. Understanding how it works can help us take better care of it—and appreciate just how incredible our minds truly are. What part of the brain do you find most fascinating? Let's keep asking questions and learning together—it's the best workout for our brains!
